from Organizational Transitions : Managing Complex Change, Richard Beckhard and Reuben T. Harris, 1987 and from managementstudyguide.com
Stace and Dunphy (2001) state that transformational change involves a redefinition of the overall organization’s strategies, gaining the employees commitment towards the process of transformation and reorienting the culture of the entire organization. As per Chapman (2002), transformational change requires changes in the attitude, beliefs and values of the employees.
For Beckard and Harris, Individuals and Organizations change when faced with the following equation :
D x V x F > R
- dissatisfaction leads to wanting a situation to change
- when people share a reasonably clear vision of a future situation that is both better and achievable
- an action plan to achieve the vision is acceptable and sets out the first steps to be taken
- the combined strength of the three factors above is greater than the existing resistance to change
10 pre requisites are necessary for transformation effective change :
- ensure the commitment of the senior management towards the change, which will then be visible to all the organizational members
- produce a written mission statement and the futuristic vision/direction of the organization which will provide guidance on the objectives, policies and values
- build a shared awareness and change in the perception of the employees regarding the need for change
- select a team of key managers and opinion formers who will play a crucial role in gaining the commitment of the employees towards the change and disseminate the change widely across the organization
- generate an acceptance towards the overall process of change and the entire process of transformation
- develop an understanding that resistance to change is inevitable and it needs to be managed effectively
- educate and train the participants regarding the necessary competencies required to effectively overcome the resistance towards the change and win their commitment
- take steps to avoid the blames or any kind of negative behaviour which may generate any kind of resistance towards the change
- use appropriate resources to facilitate this entire process of transformation or change
- maintain open channels of communication regarding the key processes, failures, challenges and the learning from the new initiatives.